Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan; Eduardo L. Fabella

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 3)

Received: 4 April 2017 Accepted: 17 April 2017 Published: 24 May 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia. Abnormal lipid levels are asymptomatic but detected by fasting lipid profile analysis. This study sought to determine the patterns of lipid levels of King Faisal University (KFU) clinic patients and to identify any gender, nationality and age group differences in the mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 KFU clinic patients were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 20. The National Institutes of Health Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used for classifying the lipid profiles. Majority of the patients had desirable and borderline high levels of TC and TG as well as optimal and near optimal LDL-C. Most of the patients had borderline and low HDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were more common among men than in women. Men also tend to have low HDL-C and high LDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, high and very high LDL-C were more common among Saudis while hypertriglyceridemia was more common among non-Saudi patients. Hypercholesterolemia was more common in the 50 – 59 age group. High TG, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were more common among 40 – 49 year old patients. The mean values of TC, TG, and HDL-C differed significantly across gender and nationality groups. The mean values of all four components of the lipid profile differed significantly across age groups. Lipid profile varies across gender, nationality and age. The risk for CVD related to lipid abnormalities is greater for Saudi men who are 40 – 59 years old. The university should develop age and gender-specific strategies for primary and secondary prevention of CVD such as therapeutic lifestyle change and lipid screening guidelines.

Published in	World Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11
Page(s)	89-95
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction, Hyperlipidemia, Dyslipidemia, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Lipid Profile

References

[1]	Rauchhaus M, Clark AL, Doehner W, Davos C, Bolger A, Sharma R, Anker SD. The relationship between cholesterol and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003; 42(11): 1933-1940.
[2]	Al-Baghli NA, Al-Ghamdi AJ, Al-Turki KA, El-Zubaier AG, Al-Mostafa BA, Al-Baghli FA, et al. Awareness of cardiovascular disease in eastern Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family and Community Medicine. 2010; 17(1): 15.
[3]	Hussain M, Khan N, Uddin M, Al-Nozha MM. Duration Analysis for Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Chronic Chest Pain: An Output from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research. 2015; 7 (1): 6.
[4]	Al-Jafari AA, Daoud MS, Mobeirek AF, Al Anazi MS. DNA polymorphisms of the lipoprotein lipase gene and their association with coronary artery disease in the saudi population. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(6): 7559-7574.
[5]	Al-Nozha MM, Arafah MR, Al-Mazrou YY, Al-Maatouq MA, Khan NB, Khalil MZ, et al. (2004). Coronary artery disease in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal. 2004; 25(9): 1165-1171.
[6]	El Sayed MM, Adeuja AOG, El-Nahrawy E, Olaish MA. Characteristics of stroke in Hofuf, Saudi Arabia. Annals of Saudi Medicine. 1999; 19: 27-31.
[7]	Al-Dahi S, Al-Khashan H, Al Madeer MAM, Al-Saif K, Al-Amri MD, Al-Ghamdi O, et al. Assessment of Framingham cardiovascular disease risk among militaries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Military medicine. 2013; 178(3): 299-305.
[8]	Al-Omran M. (2012). Atherosclerotic disease and risk factor modification in Saudi Arabia: a call to action. Vascular Health and Risk Management. 2012; 8: 349-355.
[9]	Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P, Crowe T, Sasiela WJ, Tsai J, et al. (2005). Statin therapy, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005; 352(1): 29-38.
[10]	Alsaeed AH. Elevated level of serum triglyceride among high risk stress bank employees in Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2016; 11(52): 11468-11473.
[11]	Williams L. Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106 (25): 3143-3143.‏
[12]	Mudd JO, Borlaug BA, Johnston PV, Kral BG, Rouf R, Blumenthal RS, et al. Beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: defining the role of low-density lipoprotein heterogeneity in coronary artery disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007; 50(18): 1735-1741.
[13]	Robinson JG, Wang S, Smith BJ, Jacobson TA. Meta-analysis of the relationship between non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and coronary heart disease risk. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009; 53(4): 316-322.
[14]	Brouwer IA, Wanders AJ, Katan MB. Effect of animal and industrial trans fatty acids on HDL and LDL cholesterol levels in humans–a quantitative review. PloS One. 2010; 5(3): e9434.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella. (2017). Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World Journal of Public Health, 2(3), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan; Eduardo L. Fabella. Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World J. Public Health 2017, 2(3), 89-95. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella. Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World J Public Health. 2017;2(3):89-95. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11,
  author = {Yasser Taher Al-Hassan and Eduardo L. Fabella},
  title = {Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic},
  journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20170203.11},
  abstract = {Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia. Abnormal lipid levels are asymptomatic but detected by fasting lipid profile analysis. This study sought to determine the patterns of lipid levels of King Faisal University (KFU) clinic patients and to identify any gender, nationality and age group differences in the mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 KFU clinic patients were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 20. The National Institutes of Health Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used for classifying the lipid profiles. Majority of the patients had desirable and borderline high levels of TC and TG as well as optimal and near optimal LDL-C. Most of the patients had borderline and low HDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were more common among men than in women. Men also tend to have low HDL-C and high LDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, high and very high LDL-C were more common among Saudis while hypertriglyceridemia was more common among non-Saudi patients. Hypercholesterolemia was more common in the 50 – 59 age group. High TG, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were more common among 40 – 49 year old patients. The mean values of TC, TG, and HDL-C differed significantly across gender and nationality groups. The mean values of all four components of the lipid profile differed significantly across age groups. Lipid profile varies across gender, nationality and age. The risk for CVD related to lipid abnormalities is greater for Saudi men who are 40 – 59 years old. The university should develop age and gender-specific strategies for primary and secondary prevention of CVD such as therapeutic lifestyle change and lipid screening guidelines.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic
AU - Yasser Taher Al-Hassan
AU - Eduardo L. Fabella
Y1 - 2017/05/24
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11
DO - 10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11
T2 - World Journal of Public Health
JF - World Journal of Public Health
JO - World Journal of Public Health
SP - 89
EP - 95
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2637-6059
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11
AB - Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia. Abnormal lipid levels are asymptomatic but detected by fasting lipid profile analysis. This study sought to determine the patterns of lipid levels of King Faisal University (KFU) clinic patients and to identify any gender, nationality and age group differences in the mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 KFU clinic patients were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 20. The National Institutes of Health Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used for classifying the lipid profiles. Majority of the patients had desirable and borderline high levels of TC and TG as well as optimal and near optimal LDL-C. Most of the patients had borderline and low HDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were more common among men than in women. Men also tend to have low HDL-C and high LDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, high and very high LDL-C were more common among Saudis while hypertriglyceridemia was more common among non-Saudi patients. Hypercholesterolemia was more common in the 50 – 59 age group. High TG, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were more common among 40 – 49 year old patients. The mean values of TC, TG, and HDL-C differed significantly across gender and nationality groups. The mean values of all four components of the lipid profile differed significantly across age groups. Lipid profile varies across gender, nationality and age. The risk for CVD related to lipid abnormalities is greater for Saudi men who are 40 – 59 years old. The university should develop age and gender-specific strategies for primary and secondary prevention of CVD such as therapeutic lifestyle change and lipid screening guidelines.
VL - 2
IS - 3
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan

Department of Public Health, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Eduardo L. Fabella

Department of Public Health, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella. (2017). Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World Journal of Public Health, 2(3), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan; Eduardo L. Fabella. Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World J. Public Health 2017, 2(3), 89-95. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella. Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic. World J Public Health. 2017;2(3):89-95. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11,
  author = {Yasser Taher Al-Hassan and Eduardo L. Fabella},
  title = {Lipid Profile Analysis of Patients in a Saudi University Clinic},
  journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170203.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20170203.11},
  abstract = {Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia. Abnormal lipid levels are asymptomatic but detected by fasting lipid profile analysis. This study sought to determine the patterns of lipid levels of King Faisal University (KFU) clinic patients and to identify any gender, nationality and age group differences in the mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 KFU clinic patients were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 20. The National Institutes of Health Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used for classifying the lipid profiles. Majority of the patients had desirable and borderline high levels of TC and TG as well as optimal and near optimal LDL-C. Most of the patients had borderline and low HDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were more common among men than in women. Men also tend to have low HDL-C and high LDL-C. Hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, high and very high LDL-C were more common among Saudis while hypertriglyceridemia was more common among non-Saudi patients. Hypercholesterolemia was more common in the 50 – 59 age group. High TG, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were more common among 40 – 49 year old patients. The mean values of TC, TG, and HDL-C differed significantly across gender and nationality groups. The mean values of all four components of the lipid profile differed significantly across age groups. Lipid profile varies across gender, nationality and age. The risk for CVD related to lipid abnormalities is greater for Saudi men who are 40 – 59 years old. The university should develop age and gender-specific strategies for primary and secondary prevention of CVD such as therapeutic lifestyle change and lipid screening guidelines.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download