Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore

Wong Seng; Heng Kim Huat; Maey Leow Geok Mui; Tan Teng Hooi; Chew Keat Chuan; Tan Chong Lin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore

Wong Seng, Heng Kim Huat, Maey Leow Geok Mui, Tan Teng Hooi, Chew Keat Chuan, Tan Chong Lin

Published in Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 6)

Received: 1 October 2021 Accepted: 27 October 2021 Published: 23 November 2021

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Abstract

The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m²/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m²/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.

Published in	Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
Page(s)	111-124
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC), Reinforced Concrete Composite Shear Wall, Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA)

References

[1]	Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) – Singapore BCA Publication.
[2]	Code of Practice on Buildability 2015 Edition – Singapore BCA Publication.
[3]	The Building Control Act and Regulations of Singapore.
[4]	Structural Precast Concrete Handbook – BCA Publication.
[5]	Technical Requirements for Storey Shelters 2015 – Singapore SCDF Publication.
[6]	Practical Guide to Structural Robustness and Disproportionate Collapse in Buildings October 2010 – The Institution of Structural Engineers Publication.
[7]	BC3: 2013: Guidebook for Design of Buildings in Singapore to Requirements in SS EN 1998-1 – BCA Publication.
[8]	CP 65: Part 1: 1999 Structural Use of Concrete: Clause 3.1.4.2.
[9]	SS EN 1990: 2008 Basis of Structural Design.
[10]	SS EN 1991-1-1: 2008 Actions on Structures - General Actions – Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings.
[11]	SS EN 1991-1-4: 2008 Actions on Structures - General Actions – Wind Actions.
[12]	SS EN 1991-1-7: 2009 Actions on Structures - General Actions – Accidental Actions.
[13]	SS EN 1992-1-1: 2008 Design of Concrete Structures – General Rules and Rules for Buildings.
[14]	SS EN 1992-1-2: 2008 Design of Concrete Structures - General Rules – Structural Fire Design.
[15]	SS EN 1993-1-1: 2010 Design of Steel Structures.
[16]	SS EN 1997-1: 2010 Geotechnical Design – General Rules.
[17]	SSEN 1998-1: 2013 Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance – General Rules, Seismic Actions and Rules for Buildings.
[18]	NA to SS EN 1990: 2008+A1: 2010 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode - Basis of Structural Design.
[19]	NA to SS EN 1991-1-1: 2008 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures – General Actions – Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings.
[20]	NA to SS EN 1991-1-4: 2009 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures – General Actions – Wind Actions.
[21]	NA to SS EN 1991-1-7: 2009 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures – General Actions – Accidental Actions.
[22]	NA to SS EN 1992-1-1: 2008 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures – General Rules and Rules for Buildings.
[23]	NA to SS EN 1992-1-2: 2008 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures - General Rules – Structural Fire Design.
[24]	NA to SS EN 1993-1-1: 2010 Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures – General Rules and Rules for Buildings.
[25]	NA to SS EN 1997-1: 2010 Geotechnical Design – General Rules.
[26]	NA to SSEN 1998-1: 2013 Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance – General Rules, Seismic Actions and Rules for Buildings.
[27]	Y. S. Chua, J. Y. R. Liew and S. D. Pang, Robustness of Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC) High-rise Building, 12^th International Conference on Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures (ASCCS 2018).
[28]	J. Y. R. Liew, Z. Dai and Y. S. Chua, Steel Concrete Composite Systems for Modular construction of High-rise Buildings, 12^th International Conference on Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures (ASCCS 2018).
[29]	Mahinur Hossain, IPS & PPVC Precast System in Construction – A Case Study in Singaporean Housing Building, Journal of System and Management Sciences, Vol. 9 (2019) No. 2, pp. 23-42.
[30]	Bon-Gang Hwang, Ming Shan, Kit-Ying Looi, Key Constraints and Mitigation Strategies for Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction, Journal of Cleaner Production 183 (2018) 183-193.

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APA Style

Wong Seng, Heng Kim Huat, Maey Leow Geok Mui, Tan Teng Hooi, Chew Keat Chuan, et al. (2021). Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6(6), 111-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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ACS Style

Wong Seng; Heng Kim Huat; Maey Leow Geok Mui; Tan Teng Hooi; Chew Keat Chuan, et al. Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2021, 6(6), 111-124. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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AMA Style

Wong Seng, Heng Kim Huat, Maey Leow Geok Mui, Tan Teng Hooi, Chew Keat Chuan, et al. Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Eng Appl Sci. 2021;6(6):111-124. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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@article{10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12,
  author = {Wong Seng and Heng Kim Huat and Maey Leow Geok Mui and Tan Teng Hooi and Chew Keat Chuan and Tan Chong Lin},
  title = {Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {111-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20210606.12},
  abstract = {The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m2/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m2/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore
AU  - Wong Seng
AU  - Heng Kim Huat
AU  - Maey Leow Geok Mui
AU  - Tan Teng Hooi
AU  - Chew Keat Chuan
AU  - Tan Chong Lin
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
SP  - 111
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
AB  - The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m2/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m2/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Wong Seng

TW-Asia Consultants Pte Ltd, Singapore
Heng Kim Huat

TW-Asia Consultants Pte Ltd, Singapore
Maey Leow Geok Mui

TW-Asia Consultants Pte Ltd, Singapore
Tan Teng Hooi

Building & Project Management Program, Singapore University of Social Science, Singapore
Chew Keat Chuan

Building Engineering, Building Construction Authority, Singapore
Tan Chong Lin

Building Engineering, Building Construction Authority, Singapore

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wong Seng, Heng Kim Huat, Maey Leow Geok Mui, Tan Teng Hooi, Chew Keat Chuan, et al. (2021). Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6(6), 111-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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ACS Style

Wong Seng; Heng Kim Huat; Maey Leow Geok Mui; Tan Teng Hooi; Chew Keat Chuan, et al. Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2021, 6(6), 111-124. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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AMA Style

Wong Seng, Heng Kim Huat, Maey Leow Geok Mui, Tan Teng Hooi, Chew Keat Chuan, et al. Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore. Eng Appl Sci. 2021;6(6):111-124. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12

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@article{10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12,
  author = {Wong Seng and Heng Kim Huat and Maey Leow Geok Mui and Tan Teng Hooi and Chew Keat Chuan and Tan Chong Lin},
  title = {Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {111-124},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20210606.12},
  abstract = {The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m2/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m2/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore
AU  - Wong Seng
AU  - Heng Kim Huat
AU  - Maey Leow Geok Mui
AU  - Tan Teng Hooi
AU  - Chew Keat Chuan
AU  - Tan Chong Lin
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
SP  - 111
EP  - 124
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20210606.12
AB  - The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m2/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m2/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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