Response of Sulphur Fertilizer Application to Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Growth and Yield in Kulumsa, Arsi, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
105-110
Received:
30 August 2021
Accepted:
2 November 2021
Published:
10 November 2021
Abstract: A field study was conducted during 2013/14 cropping season with the objectives of to study the response of bread wheat to different rates of sulfur fertilizer, to study the effect of sulphur fertilization on growth and yield of bread wheat and to suggest some recommendations about the optimal rates of sulfur fertilizer application for bread wheat as well as for further sulfur research works. The treatments applied as one factor of six levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg S ha-1. The treatments were replicated three times in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The experiment was carried out at the Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center on clay textured soil. Data were collected and statistical analysis was done on various characters of the crop. Soil Samples were also taken before and after the implementation of the experiment and chemically analyzed. The analysis of variance for the results of the study revealed among the agronomic and yield parameters of wheat; Number of Seedling, Number of Tillers per Plant, 50% of flowering date, Plant Height, spike length, Number of Spikes, Number of Seeds per spike, Total Above Ground Biomass Yield and Harvest Index were non-significant (p> 0.05) influenced by rate of S whereas Thousand Grains Weight, and grain yield were significantly (p≤0.05) affected by rates of S. Application of 60 kg S/ha increased the grain yield of wheat by 12.64%, 11.39%, 6.44% and 2.52% respectively when compared with the no S application. 60 kg/ha is recommended for vertisol at kulmsa.
Abstract: A field study was conducted during 2013/14 cropping season with the objectives of to study the response of bread wheat to different rates of sulfur fertilizer, to study the effect of sulphur fertilization on growth and yield of bread wheat and to suggest some recommendations about the optimal rates of sulfur fertilizer application for bread wheat a...
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Case Study: The Use of Concrete Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction for Two Blocks of 40-Storey Residential Flats (The Clement Canopy) in Singapore
Wong Seng,
Heng Kim Huat,
Maey Leow Geok Mui,
Tan Teng Hooi,
Chew Keat Chuan,
Tan Chong Lin
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
111-124
Received:
1 October 2021
Accepted:
27 October 2021
Published:
23 November 2021
Abstract: The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering approach of using reinforced concrete sandwiched composite shear wall system as the Prefinished-Prefabricated-Volumetric-Construction (PPVC) technology in construction of two residential towers of 40-storey high in The Clement Canopy project in Singapore. The technology involves a LEGO-like construction method by joining the PPVC modules of the same floor side-by-side; followed by modules of the upper level stacking on top of the completed modules below and the cycle repeated until completion. The gaps in between the adjoining modules’ walls were then filled with high-strength grout to connect them together such that the combined walls behave in a composite manner under loadings. Prototype tests had been carried out on the sandwiched wall panels with strain gauges installed to evaluate their behaviour under the actions of compression and bending. The test results showed that the sandwiched wall panels were able to withstand the loadings without delamination at the wall/grout interface, demonstrating that the designed sandwiched wall panel are able to behave in a composite manner under loadings. Installation of PPVC modules for the two towers was completed in approximately one year. The project achieved a manpower productivity data of 0.613 m2/man-day, a marked improvement of 72% in productivity as compared to the Singapore Year 2017 Industry Average Project Productivity Data for Residential (non-landed) figure of 0.357 m2/man-day. The project was successfully completed in Q1 of 2019 and is the tallest residential tower in the world at the time of project completion using the reinforced concrete PPVC technology. Advantages realised from the adoption of PPVC technology in this project includes improved productivity, early project completion; improved site safety, improved quality of end product and vast reduction in noise & dust pollution at the project site.
Abstract: The Singapore Building Construction Authority (BCA) is transforming its built environment sector into one that is advanced in technology to raise the productivity. The Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) approach has been identified as a key strategy to raise the productivity in the construction industry. This paper outlines the pioneering...
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Actualization of Climatic Parameters of the Empirical Methods of ORSTOM and CIEH: Case of Ivory Coast
Amani Michel Kouassi,
Relwinde Abdoul-Karim Nassa,
Makouin Aissa Louise Toure
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
125-137
Received:
16 November 2021
Accepted:
6 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Climate change is a reality that affects several climate variables including precipitation. This change and the variability of the climate are considered to be the greatest challenges facing humanity in the decades to come, on all geographic scales and in all economic sectors. In this context of severe climate change, it will be judicious to review the sizing parameters of hydraulic structures. The determination of hydrological standards is necessary within the framework of development projects for the design of hydraulic structures and the storm water management. The objective of this study is to update the parameters of the ORSTOM and CIEH methods. These are annual rainfall normals, extreme rainfall norms, extreme rainfall quantiles as well as the extreme rainfall gradex. The study carried out was based on annual maximum daily rainfall data and annual rainfall data collected over the period 1931-2020 from twenty-six (26) rainfall stations. The methodological approach is based on the one hand on the evaluation of the normals (normals of annual rainfall, norms of extreme rainfall) and on the other hand on the determination of the quantiles of the daily maximum annuals. These quantiles were used to assess the extreme rainfall gradex. The annual rainfall norms evaluated over the period 1931-2020 vary between 1,180 and 1,457.4 mm. As for the normals of the maximum daily rains, they oscillate between 73.61 mm (Agnibilékro) and 136.59 mm (Tabou) with an average of 94.57 mm. The 10-year return period quantiles evaluated over the period 1931-2020 vary between 103 mm (Dimbokro) and 222 mm (Tiassalé) with an average of 143.6 mm. As for the centennial quantiles, they oscillate between 132 mm (Dimbokro) and 326 mm (Tiassalé) with an average of 211.5 mm. An analysis of the extreme rainfall gradex revealed values fluctuating between 0.28 (Dimbokro) and 0.71 (Guiglo) with an average of 0.47 on Ivorian territory. The gradex coefficients determined are all greater than the regional value of 0.38 defined by ORSTOM except for the Dimbokro station (0.28). Indeed, the calculated gradex coefficient biases are all positive (ranging from +2.63 to + 86.84%) except that of Dimbokro (-26.32%). The use of the regional value of 0.38 reflects an under designing of the values of the gradex coefficient for the whole country except the Dimbokro station.
Abstract: Climate change is a reality that affects several climate variables including precipitation. This change and the variability of the climate are considered to be the greatest challenges facing humanity in the decades to come, on all geographic scales and in all economic sectors. In this context of severe climate change, it will be judicious to review...
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