Simulation of Laboratory Hydrate Loop Using Aspen Hysys
Odutola Toyin Olabisi,
Ugwu Chukwuemeka Emmanuel
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2019
Pages:
52-58
Received:
12 April 2019
Accepted:
23 June 2019
Published:
4 July 2019
Abstract: Gas hydrates have repeatedly plagued the oil and gas industry by impeding flow and causing catastrophic damages to subsea pipelines and equipment. Several software as well as equipment have been developed to reduce hydrate plugs in the field. In this study, steady state simulation and dynamic state simulation on a laboratory hydrate loop was carried out using Aspen Hysys. During the simulation, two mixers (Mixer 1 and Mixer 2) were selected to create the inhibitor water stream and the mixed feed stream respectively in the Process Flow Diagram (PFD). A pump was then selected to boost the pressure in the simulation to 150 psia and to agitate the fluid. Heat exchanger was selected to reduce the temperature to hydrate formation temperature, mimicking the action of the 4” PVC water bath in which the loop is immersed in the experimental set up. In the dynamic simulation, valves were included in the feed stream of the PFD created for the steady state simulation. The feed stream used in the simulation study contained 85% methane and 2wt% methanol as inhibitor. The steady state simulation did not record hydrate formation implying that the 2wt% Methanol used as inhibitor was sufficient to prevent hydrate formation in the loop. However, the dynamic state simulation which was set to run for 2 hours just as the experimental setup recorded hydrate formation at a temperature of 4.26 °C and a pressure of 83.84 psi. This can also imply that during shut in process, hydrate formation may not occur as the line may only attain hydrate formation temperature. However, during restart prrocess which is like the dynamkic simulation, a lot of aggitation takes place and hydrate formation will be noticed. Therefore, the engineer must proceed to dynamic state simulation before concluding on the effectiveness of a particular dosage of inhibitor prior to field application.
Abstract: Gas hydrates have repeatedly plagued the oil and gas industry by impeding flow and causing catastrophic damages to subsea pipelines and equipment. Several software as well as equipment have been developed to reduce hydrate plugs in the field. In this study, steady state simulation and dynamic state simulation on a laboratory hydrate loop was carrie...
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Design of Control System for Electrolytic Deburring Machine Based on PLC and Touch Screen
Ming Li,
Bo Zhang,
Aoyun Xiong
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2019
Pages:
59-65
Received:
14 March 2019
Accepted:
16 April 2019
Published:
8 July 2019
Abstract: In the process of machining parts, burrs are hard to avoid. Electrolytic deburring method can obtain high homogeneity and surface quality, which is suitable for metal burrs in complex inner chambers. Therefore, it is widely used in automotive engine, aerospace, pneumatic and hydraulic industries. Electrolytic deburring process is affected by many factors, and its control system design is particularly important. Based on the principle of electrochemical deburring processing and PLC control technology, designs a set of electrochemical deburring machine tool control system, through the analysis of the processing technology and design the PLC closed-loop design idea algorithm and software running flow, through the configuration software design the control system of the human-computer interaction interface, in combination with the RS - 422 bus technology to realize processing parameters and data transmission and processing. According to the characteristics of the deburring machine, an adaptive control system is developed. Specific work includes: machine tool control system requirements analysis; hardware circuit design and communication design; PLC program design and man-machine page design; anti-interference design from both hardware and software aspects; field debugging of the control cabinet to improve the system function. The test results show that the machine tool is stable and reliable, and the deburring effect is very good.
Abstract: In the process of machining parts, burrs are hard to avoid. Electrolytic deburring method can obtain high homogeneity and surface quality, which is suitable for metal burrs in complex inner chambers. Therefore, it is widely used in automotive engine, aerospace, pneumatic and hydraulic industries. Electrolytic deburring process is affected by many f...
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Rapid Assessment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination in Soils: Spectroscopy Approach
Douglas Reward Kokah,
Aziaka Duabari Silas,
Osaribie Nelson Akeme-Esuotei
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2019
Pages:
66-73
Received:
3 March 2019
Accepted:
2 July 2019
Published:
22 July 2019
Abstract: Soil contamination with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) as a result of crude oil exploration and exploitation activities is currently a major environmental challenge. This study proposed diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as a viable technique for rapid assessment of hydrocarbon contamination on oil spill sites in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Spectroscopy approach was carried out in the laboratory for the prediction of TPH concentrations (mg kg-1) in genuine petroleum contaminated soils (fresh wet), as compared with analytically measured TPH concentrations. Very strong positive correlation (r = 0.9686) was achieved between analytically and spectroscopically-predicted TPH (mg kg-1). Actual and predicted absorbance (ABSact and ABSpred, respectively) values were determined and appear not to be consistent. However, very strong positive correlation appears when each of parameter was plotted against measured TPH concentration. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy methodology was found to be as good as the labour-intensive and expensive traditional laboratory analysis of soil PHCs and could be an alternative for laboratory methods and as a viable field-screening tool to enhance risk decision making on-site.
Abstract: Soil contamination with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) as a result of crude oil exploration and exploitation activities is currently a major environmental challenge. This study proposed diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as a viable technique for rapid assessment of hydrocarbon contamination on oil spill sites in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Spectro...
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